Buckingham is a town situated in north Buckinghamshire, England, approximately 10 mi from the border with Northamptonshire. The town has a population of 11,572 (United Kingdom Census 2001), (2007 est. 13,200). Buckingham is also a civil parish designated as a town council.Historically, Buckingham was the county town of Buckinghamshire having been declared so in the 10th century when it was made the capital of the newly-formed shire of Buckingham until Aylesbury took over this role early in the 18th century.Buckingham has a variety of restaurants and pubs, typical of a small market town. It has a small number of local shops, both national and independent. Market days are Tuesday and Saturday, with a farmers' market held on the first Tuesday of each month. Buckingham is twinned with Mouvaux, France.